>>> COMING UP, IN THE WAKE OF ONGOING RACIAL TENSIONS IN GREAT BRITAIN, DAVID TERESHCHUK INTERVIEWS SADIQ KHAN, LONDON'S FIRST MUSLIM MAYOR.

>>> AND KIM LAWTON TALKS TO THE NEW HEAD OF CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES ABOUT HIS MISSION, HIS CHALLENGES AND WHAT HE LEARNED FROM MOTHER TERESA.

>>> PLUS, BELIEF AND PRACTICE.

SHABBAT, THE WEEKLY JEWISH DAY OF PRAYER, REST AND REFLECTION.ARE YOUR RETIREMENT COMPANY.

>>> WELCOME.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

IT'S GOOD TO HAVE YOU WITH US.

>>> THE NEW 115TH U.S. CONGRESS WAS SWORN IN THIS WEEK, AND IT'S ALMOST AS CHRISTIAN TODAY AS IT WAS IN THE EARLY 1960S, ACCORDING TO A NEW ANALYSIS BY THE PEW RESEARCH CENTER.

91% OF THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS DESCRIBE THEMSELVES AS CHRISTIANS, INCLUDING ALL BUT 2 OF THE 293 REPUBLICANS.

THERE'S MORE DIVERSITY AMONG THE 242 DEMOCRATS.

28 ARE JEWS, THREE ARE BUDDHISTS, THREE ARE HINDUS, TWO ARE MUSLIMS AND THERE IS AT LEAST ONE UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST.

ALTHOUGH 23% OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC IS RELIGIOUSLY UNAFFILIATED, ONLY ONE MEMBER OF CONGRESS DESCRIBED HERSELF THAT WAY.

AND ALTHOUGH OVERWHELMINGLY CHRISTIAN, CONGRESS HAS BECOME LESS PROTESTANT OVER TIME.

31% OF CONGRESS TODAY IS CATHOLIC, UP FROM 19% IN 1961.

>>> PLANS ARE BEING FINALIZED FOR DONALD TRUMP'S INAUGURAL ACTIVITIES, AND RELIGION WILL BE PLAYING ITS CUSTOMARY ROLE.

FOLLOWING TRADITION, ON THE MORNING OF THE INAUGURATION, TRUMP AND HIS FAMILY WILL ATTEND A PRIVATE PRAYER SERVICE AT ST. JOHN'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH ACROSS FROM THE WHITE HOUSE.

SEVERAL FAITH LEADERS WILL BE PARTICIPATING IN THE CAPITOL HILL INAUGURATION CEREMONY INCLUDING NEW YORK CARDINAL TIMOTHY DOLAN, EVANGELIST FRANKLIN GRAHAM, HISPANIC EVANGELICAL LEADER SAMUEL RODRIGUEZ, PROSPERITY GOSPEL PREACHERS PAULA WHITE AND BISHOP WAYNE T. JACKSON, AND RABBI MARVIN HIER, FOUNDER OF THE SIMON WIESENTHAL CENTER.

SATURDAY, ON THE DAY AFTER THE INAUGURATION, TRUMP WILL ATTEND A TRADITIONAL INTERFAITH PRAYER SERVICE AT WASHINGTON'S NATIONAL CATHEDRAL.

>>> ISIS CLAIMED RESPONSIBILITY FOR LAST WEEK'S TERRORIST ATTACK IN ISTANBUL THAT KILLED 39 PEOPLE AND INJURED DOZENS MORE.

MOURNERS GATHERED TO PAY RESPECTS TO THE DEAD WHILE MANY RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL LEADERS CONTINUED TO CONDEMN THE ATTACK.

POPE FRANCIS URGED WORLD LEADERS TO WORK TOGETHER TO FIGHT THE "PLAGUE OF TERRORISM."

FRANCIS SAID 2017 WOULD BE WHAT PEOPLE MAKE OF IT, GOOD TO THE EXTENT THAT EACH, WITH THE HELP OF GOD, "SEEKS TO DO GOOD DAY AFTER DAY."

>>> POPE FRANCIS ALSO ADDRESSED THE CHURCH'S SEX ABUSE SCANDAL, TELLING BISHOPS AROUND THE WORLD THEY MUST ADHERE TO A POLICY OF ZERO TOLERANCE.

IN A LETTER, THE POPE SAID HE WANTED TO RENEW THE CHURCH'S COMMITMENT TO ENSURING THAT "THESE ATROCITIES WILL NO LONGER TAKE PLACE IN OUR MIDST."

FRANCIS ALSO WELCOMED TO THE VATICAN THOUSANDS OF VICTIMS OF ITALY'S RECENT EARTHQUAKES.

>>> AFTER YEARS OF ADVOCACY, SIKH SOLDIERS IN THE U.S. ARMY WILL NOW BE ALLOWED TO WEAR SIGNS OF THEIR FAITH INCLUDING BEARDS, UNSHORN HAIR AND TURBANS.

THE ARMY THIS WEEK ISSUED NEW REGULATIONS MAKING THE RELIGIOUS ACCOMMODATION PERMANENT, EXCEPT IN RARE TACTICAL SITUATIONS.

MEANWHILE, NEW YORK CITY'S POLICE DEPARTMENT ANNOUNCED A NEW POLICY ALLOWING MUSLIMS AND SIKHS TO WEAR HEAD COVERINGS AND BEARDS WITH THEIR UNIFORMS.

>>> GREAT BRITIAN'S VOTE LAST JUNE TO LEAVE THE EUROPEAN UNION, DUBBED "BREXIT," HAS GENERATED SHARP DIVISIONS ACROSS THAT NATION.

IN HIS ANNUAL NEW YEAR'S MESSAGE, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY JUSTIN WELBY URGED PEOPLE TO OVERCOME THOSE DIFFERENCES FOR THE GOOD OF THE COUNTRY.

HE MADE HIS STATEMENT FROM COVENTRY CATHEDRAL, WHICH WAS DESTROYED IN WORLD WAR II, BUT HAS NOW BECOME AN INTERNATIONAL SYMBOL OF RECONCILIATION.

>>> ANOTHER STRONG VOICE URGING POST-BREXIT RECONCILIATION IS THAT OF SADIQ KHAN, LONDON'S FIRST MUSLIM MAYOR.

DAVID TERESHCHUK SAT DOWN WITH KHAN DURING THE MAYOR'S RECENT VISIT TO THE U.S. >> I AM SO PROUD THAT LONDON HAS TODAY CHOSEN HOPE OVER FEAR AND UNITY OVER DIVISION.

>> THE PEOPLE IN LONDON WHO VOTED FOR HIM DIDN'T VOTE FOR HIM BECAUSE HE WAS MUSLIM.

THAT WAS SIMPLY PART OF HIS IDENTITY.

>> HE'S STANDING UP AND SAYING, LOOK, I'M ABLE TO REPRESENT ALL PEOPLE.

>> SADIQ KHAN WAS ELECTED MAYOR OF LONDON IN MAY OF 2016, FAMOUSLY THE FIRST-EVER MUSLIM LEADER OF ANY WESTERN WORLD CAPITAL CITY.

LIKE MANY POLITICAL CONFRONTATIONS IN WESTERN COUNTRIES LAST YEAR, IT WAS A BITTER AND BRUISING ELECTION CAMPAIGN.

KHAN'S CONSERVATIVE OPPONENT MADE A GREAT DEAL OF KHAN BEING A MUSLIM, AND THERE WERE ACCUSATIONS THAT HE WAS CONNECTED TO PEOPLE WHO HAD TERRORIST SYMPATHIES.

>> THERE WERE DARK INSINUATIONS THAT SADIQ KHAN HAD SOMEHOW BECOME ASSOCIATED WITH EXTREMISM, EXTREME ISLAMIC IDEAS.

AND SADIQ KHAN INDICATED VERY STRONGLY THAT ACTUALLY HE WAS NOT IN FAVOR OF ISLAMIC EXTREMISM, AND HE'S VERY MUCH PART OF THE MODERATE WING OF THE ISLAMIC POPULATION WHO ARE TRYING TO FIGHT BACK AGAINST EXTREMISTS.

>> AMERICAN POLITICAL CONSULTANT ROD O'CONNOR WAS STUDYING THE KHAN CAMPAIGN CLOSELY AND HIS OPPONENTS.

>> PEOPLE LOOKED DEEPER.

I THINK SADIQ GAVE THEM AN OPPORTUNITY TO LOOK DEEPER, AND THEY MADE A CHOICE.

AND, LOOK, SO FAR HE'S RISEN TO THE CHALLENGE.

>> AS KHAN, A LABOUR PARTY CANDIDATE, WAS FIGHTING TO LEAD LONDON, HIS COUNTRY AS A WHOLE WAS ENGAGED IN A BROADER NATIONAL FIGHT OVER BREXIT, THE EXITING OF BRITAIN FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION.

TO THE SHOCK OF MANY IN THE POSSIBLY RARIFIED WORLD OF POLITICS, A MAJORITY OF BRITONS VOTED TO LEAVE.

THE WINNING BREXIT CAMPAIGN'S RHETORIC INCLUDED STRONG ANTI-MUSLIM AND ANTI-IMMIGRANT THEMES.

THIS WAS FOLLOWED BY A 50% SPIKE IN HATE CRIMES, ACCORDING TO THE NATION'S POLICE FORCES.

ATTACKS TARGETED EVERYTHING FROM MUSLIM HALAL FOOD STORES TO CATHOLIC SOCIAL CENTERS FOR POLISH IMMIGRANTS, AND THE ATTACKS EVEN INCLUDED MURDER.

WHEN MAYOR KHAN SAT DOWN WITH US, HE DISCUSSED THE CHALLENGES HE FACES IN TRYING TO IMPROVE INTERCOMMUNITY AND INTERFAITH RELATIONS.

>> LISTEN, IT'S NOT PERFECT, BUT ACTUALLY WE'RE A GREAT CITY.

YOU'VE GOT IN LONDON CHRISTIANS, JEWS, MUSLIMS, HINDUS, SIKHS, ET CETERA, THOSE NOT MEMBERS IN AN ORGANIZED FAITH, RICH, POOR, OLD, YOUNG, ALL GETTING ON IN INTERCONNECTED LIVES, BREAKING BREAD TOGETHER, STUDYING TOGETHER, WORKING TOGETHER.

WE CAN'T HAVE A LAISSEZ-FAIRE ATTITUDE TOWARDS INTEGRATION.

WE'VE GOT TO THINK OF OUR SCHOOLS, OUR COLLEGES, PLACES OF WORK.

ARE WE ENSURING THAT EVERYONE HAS A CHANCE TO FULFILL THEIR POTENTIAL, TO MEET THEIR NEIGHBORS AND TO GET ON?

>> KHAN HAS ENCOURAGED RELIGIOUS AND OTHER MINORITIES TO REPORT TO LAW ENFORCEMENT ANY ATTACKS ON THEIR MEMBERS.

>> THE GOOD NEWS IS THAT THE POLICE AND MYSELF AND OTHERS HAVE ZERO-TOLERANCE TOWARD HATE CRIME, AND THE PUBLIC HAS CONFIDENCE TO REPORT IT, WHICH IS VERY, VERY IMPORTANT.

>> THE MAYOR HAS WORKED TO CONNECT MORE CLOSELY COMMUNITIES THAT HAVEN'T ALWAYS ASSOCIATED WITH EACH OTHER.

>> AND HE'S BEEN VERY CLEAR THAT HE WANTS TO REACH OUT TO OTHER FAITHS AS WELL AND TRY AND HAVE MORE INTEGRATION.

>> I HAVE NEVER HELD MYSELF OUT AS A MUSLIM LEADER.

BUT IT'S A FACT I'M A LEADER OF ISLAMIC FAITH, SO THAT BRINGS WITH THAT A RESPONSIBILITY, ESPECIALLY IN CURRENT TIMES.

SO DURING THE MONTH OF RAMADAN, FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN I WAS FASTING, IT WAS BRILLIANT THAT CHURCHES AND SYNAGOGUES AROUND LONDON INVITED ME THERE.

THE ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY INVITED ME TO LAMBETH PALACE, AND THE CHIEF RABBI.

WE INVITED 100 CHILDREN FROM EVERY BOROUGH IN LONDON, AND THE ARCHBISHOP AND CHIEF RABBI, AND I OPENED THE FAST TOGETHER -- AND TOOK A BRILLIANT SELFIE AS WELL.

>> THAT SYMBOLIC SELFIE WENT VIRAL ACROSS BRITAIN AND GLOBALLY.

THIS POPULAR "COMMON TOUCH" OF KHAN'S, SAY PEOPLE WHO KNOW HIM, STEMS FROM HIS BEGINNINGS IN WORKING-CLASS LONDON.

>> MY LIFE EXPERIENCES HAVE MADE ME THE PERSON WHO I AM.

>> KHAN'S STORY IS A BRITISH-ACCENTED VERSION OF THE AMERICAN DREAM.

HE WAS BORN ONE OF EIGHT CHILDREN TO IMMIGRANT PARENTS FROM PAKISTAN AND GREW UP POOR.

THE FAMILY LIVED IN PUBLIC HOUSING, AND HIS FATHER WORKED AS A BUS DRIVER IN AN ATMOSPHERE OF OUTRIGHT RACISM.

>> WHEN MY DAD FIRST CAME HERE THERE WERE SIGNS IN LONDON IN HOTELS, GUEST HOUSES, AND CLUBS SAYING "NO BLACKS, NO IRISH, NO DOGS," AND BY BLACKS, IF YOU WEREN'T WHITE, YOU WERE BLACK.

ONE OF HIS CHILDREN IS NOW THE MAYOR OF A CITY HE CHOSE TO CALL HOME.

IT SPEAKS WONDERS OF LONDON.

THE LONDON PROMISE IS VERY SIMPLE -- YOU WORK HARD, YOU GET A HELPING HAND, YOU CAN ACHIEVE ANYTHING.

>> THE SOUTH LONDON PROJECT WHERE THE KHAN FAMILY LIVED WAS NOTORIOUS FOR ITS VIOLENCE.

>> IT WAS A TOUGH HOUSING PROJECT AND, YOU KNOW, YOU'VE GOT A CHOICE TO EITHER DEFEND YOURSELF OR TO GET BEATEN UP AND BE THE VICTIM OF BULLYING.

SO AT AN EARLY AGE ALL OF MY BROTHERS -- I'VE GOT SIX BROTHERS AND A SISTER.

WE JOINED THE LOCAL BOXING CLUB.

IT MADE YOU STREET WISE.

OTHER SCHOOLS YOU LEARN IN BOXING AS WELL.

HOW TO BE MAGNANIMOUS, HOW TO BE A TEAM PLAYER, WHAT TO EAT, HOW TO KEEP FIT.

>> WHAT DO YOU THINK, NOW THAT YOU'RE IN THE POSITION YOU'RE IN.

DOES THE STREET FIGHTING STILL HELP?

>> WELL, SOME SEE POLITICS AS STREET FIGHTING.

YOU HAVE TO DEFEND YOURSELF, HOW TO MAKE SURE YOU EXPOSE YOUR OPPONENT'S WEAKNESSES, HOW TO ALWAYS BE MOVING, DON'T STAND STILL.

THESE ARE LIFE SKILLS.

>> WHAT, THEN, ARE KHAN'S CHANCES OF WINNING NOW, IN HIS FIGHTING MISSION TO BEAT BACK BIGOTRY?

>> WHETHER ANY OF HIS MESSAGES ABOUT RELIGIOUS INCLUSION AND TOLERANCE TRANSLATE INTO TANGIBLE POLICIES, WE JUST DON'T KNOW YET.

BUT SIMPLY THE VERY FACT THAT HE WAS ELECTED TO THE POSITION, IT'S VERY STRIKING, AND IN MANY WAYS IT'S VERY CHEERING.

IT MAKES ME FEEL QUITE PROUD TO BE A LONDONER.

>> HE HAS CREDIBILITY.

HE CAN COME THROUGH AND SAY, LOOK, THIS HASN'T BEEN EASY.

NOT EVERYTHING IN MY LIFE HAS BEEN EASY, BUT I'VE LOOKED FOR IT, I'VE LOOKED FOR THE BETTER PARTS OF PEOPLE, I LOOK TO THE BETTER HEARTS OF PEOPLE, AND I THINK THAT'S A POWERFUL EXAMPLE RIGHT NOW, A MUCH-NEEDED EXAMPLE.

>> DOES BRITAIN IN THE BREXIT ERA HAVE RELEVANCE TO AMERICA IN ITS NEW ERA OF TRUMP?

THERE ARE THOSE WHO SAY IT CERTAINLY DOES, AND LONDON'S MUSLIM MAYOR IS CENTRAL TO THE MESSAGE.

>> HE COMES AT A TIME WHEN THESE QUESTIONS -- THESE QUESTIONS OF POPULISM, THESE QUESTIONS OF RELIGIOUS INTOLERANCE ARE AT A LOUDER VOLUME.

>> WHAT'S BECOME CLEAR IN THE LAST FEW MONTHS IS THAT RACISM AND RELIGIOUS BIGOTRY IS ON THE INCREASE ALL OVER THE WESTERN WORLD AT THIS MOMENT.

>> THE IMMEDIATE RESPONSE WITHIN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF THE UNITED STATES, ONCE DONALD TRUMP WAS ELECTED, WAS TO PUT FORWARD AS A CANDIDATE TO BE THE LEADER OF THE PARTY A MUSLIM CONGRESSMAN, THE FIRST MUSLIM CONGRESSMAN.

>> KHAN WAS CAREFUL WITH US TO BE DIPLOMATIC, AND HE PASSED NO COMMENT ON DOMESTIC AMERICAN POLITICS.

BUT HE DID SAY THIS.

>> AT A TIME WHEN OUR CITIES ARE BECOMING MORE DIVERSE, THE JOB OF POLITICIANS IS TO MAKE SURE WE MAKE IT EASIER TO INTEGRATE, THAT WE BUST MYTHS, WE BUILD BRIDGES, IF YOU LIKE, RATHER THAN WALLS.

>> FOR "RELIGION AND ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY," THIS IS DAVID TERESHCHUK REPORTING.

>>> THIS WEEK, VETERAN HUMANITARIAN WORKER SEAN CALLAHAN BECAME THE NEW PRESIDENT AND CEO OF CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES, THE INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN AGENCY OF THE U.S. CATHOLIC CHURCH.

HE REPLACES CAROLYN WOO, WHO RETIRED.

KIM LAWTON TRAVELED TO HAITI WITH CALLAHAN AND SPOKE WITH HIM ABOUT HIS MISSION, THE CHALLENGES HE FACES, AND WHAT HE LEARNED FROM WORKING WITH MOTHER TERESA.

>> SOON AFTER HURRICANE MATTHEW SLAMMED INTO HAITI LEAVING MASS DEVASTATION IN ITS WAKE, SEAN CALLAHAN WAS ON THE GROUND THERE, VIEWING THE DESTRUCTION, MEETING VICTIMS AND STRATEGIZING WITH LOCAL CATHOLIC RELIEF SERVICES STAFF.

>> SOMETIMES PEOPLE IN THESE SITUATIONS FEEL ISOLATED AND THEY DON'T KNOW THAT PEOPLE OUTSIDE CARE ABOUT THEM.

AND SO I THINK ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE DO IS BRING THAT MESSAGE FROM OVERSEAS, YOU KNOW, YOU CAN DO IT IN HAITI, IN SUDAN, IN TURKEY, BRINGING THAT MESSAGE THAT THEY'RE NOT ALONE, THAT THERE ARE PEOPLE THAT CARE ABOUT THEM.

>> CALLAHAN HAS SPENT HIS ENTIRE PROFESSIONAL CAREER, NEARLY THREE DECADES, WORKING FOR CRS, WHICH WAS FOUNDED BY THE U.S. CATHOLIC BISHOPS DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR TO HELP EUROPE AND ITS REFUGEES.

TODAY, THE GROUP WORKS IN MORE THAN 100 COUNTRIES, PROVIDING EMERGENCY AID AND ASSISTING IN LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT.

IT FREQUENTLY PARTNERS WITH LOCAL CHURCHES, OTHER FAITH COMMUNITIES, GOVERNMENTS AND SECULAR ORGANIZATIONS.

WITH A BUDGET OF NEARLY $900 MILLION, CRS HAS BECOME ONE OF THE LARGEST FAITH-BASED RELIEF AGENCIES IN THE WORLD.

>> I SEE IT AS REALLY TRYING TO BE A BEACON OF LIGHT IN SOME OF THE DARKEST PLACES AROUND THE WORLD.

SO, WE GO THERE INVITED IN BY THE LOCAL COMMUNITY, BUT TRY TO BRING EITHER EXPERTISE OR SOLIDARITY OR SOME TYPE OF COMMITMENT THAT HELPS THE LOCAL COMMUNITY DEVELOP AND BECOME STRONGER.

>> CALLAHAN GREW UP OUTSIDE OF BOSTON, PART OF A TRADITIONAL IRISH CATHOLIC FAMILY.

AFTER GRADUATING FROM TUFTS UNIVERSITY IN 1988, HE SAYS HE WANTED TO SPEND SOME TIME GIVING BACK.

HE JOINED CRS IN CENTRAL AMERICA, EARNING $12 A DAY.

>> I COMMITTED THAT ONE YEAR AND I THOUGHT IT WOULD BE A YEAR OF SERVICE, BUT IT WAS ALSO A YEAR OF LEARNING, WHAT IS MY PURPOSE ON THIS EARTH NOW AND HOW CAN I CONTRIBUTE TO MAKING IT A BETTER WORLD?

I JUST FOUND THAT IT WAS A CALLING THAT I HADN'T KNOWN THAT I HAD AT THAT TIME.

>> CALLAHAN STAYED ON WITH CRS IN SEVERAL POSITIONS, INCLUDING A STINT IN INDIA, WHERE HE WORKED WITH MOTHER TERESA, NOW ST. TERESA OF CALCUTTA, AND HER MISSIONARIES OF CHARITY ORDER.

>> AT FIRST WHEN I STARTED WORKING THERE IT WAS OVERWHELMING.

CALCUTTA IS A VERY DENSELY POPULATED CITY, THERE WAS 3 MILLION PEOPLE LIVING ON THE STREETS, A MILLION OF THEM CHILDREN, AND I'D WALK THROUGH THE CITY AND JUST SEE THIS DIRE POVERTY.

AND TO BE HONEST WITH YOU IT WAS SOMETHING I THOUGHT, ONE, GOT ME DOWN AND OUR SYSTEM IS FAILING ALL THESE PEOPLE.

>> HE SAYS MOTHER TERESA AND THE OTHER NUNS TAUGHT HIM TO FIND HOPE, EVEN IN THE MOST DIFFICULT PLACES.

>> SEEING THE INNER STRENGTH THAT THESE SISTERS HAD AND THAT MOTHER TERESA HAD, THE JOY THAT THEY HAD LIVING IN IT.

WE CAN BRING SOME JOY TO ANOTHER INDIVIDUAL AND THAT TO ME WAS INCREDIBLE.

SHE JUST HAD THIS EFFUSIVE SPIRIT OF CARING AND GIVING AND IT WAS THEN THAT I REALLY SAW THE FACE OF WHAT POVERTY IS AND HOW WE CAN ALL CONTRIBUTE TO CHANGING IT, BUT THAT IT'S NOT JUST AN ECONOMIC CHANGE, THAT IT'S A SPIRITUAL CHANGE AND IT'S A CHANGE OF CARING ABOUT PEOPLE AND BEING OPEN TO NEW PEOPLE AND BEING ABLE TO EMBRACE THEM.

>> FOR THE LAST FOUR YEARS, CALLAHAN HAS BEEN CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER OF CRS.

HE BELIEVES THE GROUP'S WORK IS AN OUTGROWTH OF THE CATHOLIC FAITH.

HE SAYS CRS REPRESENTS AMERICAN CATHOLICS TO SUFFERING COMMUNITIES OVERSEAS.

>> WE'RE VERY LUCKY THAT WE CAN LIVE THE GOSPEL WHEN WE'RE OUT IN THE FIELD BECAUSE IT IS GOOD NEWS.

IT'S BRINGING THE SOLIDARITY FROM ONE COMMUNITY TO ANOTHER.

>> BUT IN RECENT YEARS, CRS HAS COME UNDER FIRE FROM SOME VERY CONSERVATIVE CATHOLIC BLOGGERS FOR PARTNERING WITH GROUPS AND PROJECTS THAT SUPPORT ABORTION AND THE USE OF CONDOMS.

CALLAHAN INSISTS THAT CRS UPHOLDS CHURCH TEACHING.

>> WE'RE AN ORGANIZATION OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES, AND WE'RE FAITHFUL TO THE TRADITIONS OF THE CHURCH.

SO WE ARE A PRO-LIFE ORGANIZATION.

WE DON'T SUPPORT ABORTION OR ARTIFICIAL CONTRACEPTION.

BUT WE DO REACH OUT TO COMMUNITIES AND DIFFERENT PEOPLE OF ALL DIFFERENT FAITHS AND SOME WHO MAY NOT AGREE WITH US.

>> HE SAYS AN ADVISORY COUNCIL OF MORAL THEOLOGIANS AND A BOARD OF DIRECTORS THAT INCLUDES BISHOPS REVIEW CRS PARTNERSHIPS TO MAKE SURE THEY ARE CONSISTENT WITH THE FAITH.

>> IF WE HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO SAVE A LIFE, MALARIA WOULD BE A GOOD CASE.

SOMETIMES THE VENDORS WHO PROVIDE MALARIA NETS ARE NOT CONSISTENT IN EVERYTHING THAT THEY DO WITH CATHOLIC TEACHING.

BUT IF WE CAN PROVIDE MALARIA NETS AND ANTI-MALARIAL DRUGS TO CHILDREN, WE CAN THEN PROTECT THOSE LIVES.

IF WE CAN DO THAT IT WOULD BE SEEN AGAINST CATHOLIC TEACHING NOT TO ASSIST THEM.

>> CALLAHAN TRAVELS FREQUENTLY, ALMOST ONCE EVERY MONTH.

AS THE FATHER OF TWO, HE LOVES CONNECTING WITH CHILDREN IN NEED WHEREVER HE GOES.

BUT HE ADMITS, THAT CAN BE DIFFICULT AS WELL.

>> THE TOUGHEST THING FOR ME IS WHEN YOU SEE CHILDREN THAT ARE NOT HAVING THE OPPORTUNITY THAT THEY SHOULD HAVE, AND THAT'S THE TOUGHEST THING BECAUSE I THINK OF MY FAMILY AND MY KIDS AND BY SOME ACCIDENT OF BIRTH, THEY'RE HAVING THREE SQUARE MEALS A DAY.

WE WANT EVERY CHILD TO REACH THEIR FULL HUMAN POTENTIAL BUT WHETHER IT'S IN HAITI, WHETHER IT'S IN ETHIOPIA, OR WHETHER IT'S THE REFUGEES COMING OUT, SEEING THOSE CHILDREN JUST REALLY GRABS ME.

>> CALLAHAN SAYS HE'S CONCERNED BY THE CURRENT ANTI-IMMIGRANT/ANTI-REFUGEE CLIMATE HE SEES IN THE U.S. >> I DON'T KNOW IF IT'S MORE PREVALENT NOW.

IT'S AT LEAST A LITTLE BIT MORE OPEN NOW, AND I THINK THAT MAY ACTUALLY BE A BLESSING BECAUSE NOW WE CAN TALK ABOUT IT AND ADDRESS IT HEAD ON.

>> CRS HAS URGED US LAWMAKERS TO MAINTAIN FUNDING FOR HUMANITARIAN WORK OVERSEAS AND TO CONTINUE ALLOWING REFUGEES AND IMMIGRANTS TO ENTER AMERICA.

>> THERE'S OFTEN TIMES THAT PEOPLE THEN REACT TO WHAT IN MANY CASES SEEMS LIKE AN EVIL OF AN ISIS AND THEY REACT IN A WAY THAT DOESN'T SHOW OUR TRUE CHARACTER, THAT PUTS WALLS AROUND US AND THAT BARS US FROM WELCOMING OTHER PEOPLE.

WE HAVE TO BUILD THAT UNITY.

WE HAVE TO REACH OUT TO OTHERS, SHOW THAT WE'RE NOT AFRAID.

>> WORKING IN SO MANY SEEMINGLY-INTRACTABLE CRISES AROUND THE WORLD CAN BE DISCOURAGING.

CALLAHAN SAYS VISITING THE THOUSANDS OF COMMITTED CRS STAFF MEMBERS AND VOLUNTEERS AND HEARING STORIES OF STRENGTH AND RESILIENCE AMID TRAGEDY RENEWS HIS FAITH.

>> THE GOOD, THAT COMMON GOOD, OUTWEIGHS THE EVIL THAT'S BEING DONE IN THOSE AREAS.

>> AND HE SAYS THAT ENCOURAGES HIM TO KEEP GOING.

I'M KIM LAWTON REPORTING.

>>> THE PROMINENT SCHOLAR OF THE WORLD'S RELIGIONS, HUSTON SMITH, DIED LAST WEEK AT 97.

SMITH BECAME WIDELY KNOWN FOR THE WISDOM OF FAITH, HIS PBS SERIES IN THE 1990s WITH BILL MOYERS.

SMITH ONCE SAID, "IF WE ARE TO BE TRUE TO OUR OWN FAITH, WE MUST ATTEND TO OTHERS AS ALERTLY AS WE HOPE THEY WILL ATTEND TO US."

ONE OF THE LAST THREE SHAKERS IN THE U.S. ALSO HAS DIED.

SISTER FRANCES CARR WAS 89 YEARS OLD AND HAD COME TO THE SHAKERS AS AN ORPHAN WHEN SHE WAS TEN.

ONCE, THERE WERE THOUSANDS OF SHAKERS IN THE U.S., WELL KNOWN FOR THEIR PRACTICE OF CELIBACY, THEIR CARPENTRY AND THEIR MUSIC, SUCH AS THE SONG SIMPLE GIFTS.

THERE ARE NOW JUST TWO SHAKERS SURVIVING.

THEY LIVE AT SABBATHDAY LAKE IN MAINE.

>>> ON OUR CALENDAR, COPTIC, ARMENIAN AND SOME EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCHES ARE CELEBRATING CHRISTMAS THIS WEEKEND.

OTHER CHRISTIANS ARE CELEBRATING THE FEAST OF THE EPIPHANY, WHICH MARKS THE MANIFESTATION OR REVELATION OF JESUS.

IN WESTERN CHURCHES, THE HOLIDAY TENDS TO FOCUS ON THE VISIT OF THE MAGI TO THE BABY JESUS.

BUT IN EASTERN ORTHODOX CHURCHES, EPIPHANY OR THEOPHANY AS IT IS ALSO CALLED, FOCUSES ON JESUS' BAPTISM.

>>> FINALLY, BELIEF AND PRACTICE.

FROM SUNDOWN FRIDAY TO SUNDOWN SATURDAY EVERY WEEK, JEWS AROUND THE WORLD CELEBRATE SHABBAT, THE SABBATH.

IT'S A DAY OF PRAYER, REST AND REFLECTION, WHICH MANY SAY PROVIDES THEM WITH THE SPIRITUAL BOOST THEY NEED FOR THE REST OF THE WEEK.

WE SPOKE ABOUT THE PRACTICE WITH RABBI NISSAN ANTINE AND HIS WIFE, SARAH, OF BETH SHOLOM CONGREGATION IN POTOMAC, MARYLAND.

IN KEEPING WITH THE SABBATH'S REQUIREMENT NOT TO TURN ON OR OFF ELECTRICITY, WE DID NOT SHOOT THIS STORY ON SHABBAT.

>> IN THE TORAH, GOD CREATES SHABBAT, GOD EVEN HAS TO CREATE THE CONCEPT OF REST.

GOD CREATES THE WORLD IN SIX DAYS, CREATES THE TREES, THE PLANTS, THE ANIMALS, EVEN HUMANKIND AND THEN AFTERWARD IT SAYS THAT GOD RESTED ON THE SEVENTH DAY AND SANCTIFIED IT.

SHABBAT WAS A COMMANDMENT GIVEN TO ADAM AND EVE WHICH IS PRIOR TO THE JEWISH PEOPLE.

WE DIDN'T EVEN EXIST AS A PEOPLE YET.

GOD GAVE THE SHABBAT TO HUMANITY.

>> ONCE WE LIGHT THE CANDLES, I OFTEN WILL THINK OF SOMETHING THAT I'M GRATEFUL FOR.

>> SOME OF THE BIG THINGS WE ARE NOT ALLOWED TO DO ON SHABBAT IS WRITE, ANY KIND OF WRITING WOULD BE PROHIBITED.

ALL OF OUR COOKING AND FOOD PREPARATION HAS TO BE FINISHED ON FRIDAY AFTERNOON BEFORE SUNDOWN.

>> WE DON'T LOOK AT OUR CELLPHONES, WE DON'T WRITE E-MAILS, WE DON'T DRIVE IN THE CAR TO RUN AN ERRAND.

MY KIDS DON'T EVEN ASK FOR TELEVISION OR COMPUTER GAMES OR ANYTHING LIKE THAT.

WE LOVE TO SING SHALOM ALEICHEM BECAUSE IT'S A BEAUTIFUL MELODY AND IT MEANS THAT WE ARE INVITING THE ANGELS INTO OUR HOUSE, BLESSING THEM AND SENDING THEM ON THEIR WAY.

>> I LOVE BLESSING MY CHILDREN.

MY WIFE AND I BLESS OUR CHILDREN EVERY SINGLE FRIDAY NIGHT.

AND IT REALLY TEACHES ME WHAT IT MEANS TO BE A FATHER AND I THINK IT'S THE RITUAL OF THE BLESSING THAT CREATES THAT SACRED MOMENT.

IN SOCIETY, OFTENTIMES WE MEASURE OUR SUCCESS BY THE THINGS WE HAVE BUILT.

AND THE LESSON OF SHABBAT TEACHES US, WHEN YOU STOP BUILDING, IT'S ABOUT THOSE MORE INTERIOR KINDS OF THINGS, THE THINGS ABOUT THE WORKING ON YOUR SOUL, THE WORKING ON YOUR FRIENDSHIPS, ON YOUR RELATIONSHIPS, THOSE THINGS ARE REALLY THE IMPORTANT THINGS IN LIFE, THOSE ARE THE THINGS WE ARE GOING TO BE REMEMBERED BY.

>> ONE OF THE RITUALS THAT WE DO ON SHABBAT THAT HAS A LOT OF MEANING FOR ME SPIRITUALLY IT'S CALLED NETILAT YADAYIM WHICH IS THE CEREMONIALLY WASHING OF THE HANDS.

THE IDEA OF LIFTING UP OUR HANDS TO DO GOD'S WORK OR SPIRITUAL WORK RATHER THAN OUR HANDS DOING MUNDANE THINGS.

>> YOU HAVE THE SAME EATING OF BREAD, IF YOU WILL, ON A THURSDAY, ALSO HAPPENS ON SHABBAT.

BUT WHEN YOU DO THE SPECIAL PRAYERS AROUND IT, YOU'RE SANCTIFYING IT AND NOW IT'S A VEHICLE, OR A TOOL TO APPRECIATE WHAT GOD HAS GIVEN US.

THERE IS SOMETHING ABOUT THE ETERNAL THAT OVER THE DAY OF SHABBAT WE CAN CONNECT WITH, WE CAN BECOME PART OF, AND WE TAKE THAT AND THAT INFORMS OUR NEXT WEEK.

THE IDEA OF TAKING 24 HOURS OFF FROM THE CONSTANT NEED TO CREATE, TO BUILD, TO DO MORE, AND JUST TO BE ABLE TO REFLECT, THIS IS A UNIVERSAL GIFT FOR EVERYONE TO BE ABLE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF.

>>> THAT'S OUR PROGRAM FOR NOW.

I'M BOB ABERNETHY.

YOU CAN FOLLOW US ON TWITTER AND FACEBOOK.

WATCH US ANYTIME ON THE PBS APP FOR iPHONES AND iPADS.

THERE IS ALSO MUCH MORE ON OUR WEBSITE, WHERE YOU CAN LISTEN TO OR WATCH EVERY PROGRAM.

JOIN US AT PBS.ORG/RELIGIONETHICS.

>>> AS WE LEAVE YOU, THE MORMON TABERNACLE CHOIR, WHICH WILL BE PERFORMING AT THE INAUGURATION, SINGS THE SHAKER HYMN "SIMPLE GIFTS."

♪♪ COMPANY.